Tuesday, November 19, 2013

[Fixed]: 0xc000000e boot error

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I solved the error problem by repairing MBR and BCD.
Yesterday, after I used Linux in my laptop, I rebooted laptop and tried to boot Windows 8 OS. But, it showed me an error message in a light blue screen : "The boot selection failed because a required device is inaccessible." And later it said windows/system32/winload.exe is corrupt or missing and it suggested me to use windows install USB or DVD to repair the error. I instantly made Bootable Windows 8 USB in desktop PC and booted my laptop using it. I choose the Repair option available below the "Install" button. I then tried Automatic repair but it didn't work. Than, I tried Recovery option but it said "A required device isn't connected or can't be accessed.". Again, I tried to "Refresh Your PC" option; it said "The drive where windows is installed is locked. Unlock the drive and try again."
Now, the last option was CMD as I don't want to loose my files.

SOLUTION:
Choose the command prompt option and follow the steps:
1. bootrec /fixmbr
2. bootrec /fixboot
3. bootrec /rebuildBcd
(choose [y] after it prompts you to choose an option. )
Now, reboot your PC. 
If it works then its perfectly fine otherwise you need to again use Install USB or DVD and choose "Refresh Your PC" option.

You may be interested to read about Saving files before installing new windows
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Bypass MAC Filter: BackTrack 5

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Features in this post:

  1. Discussion about MAC filter
  2. Why MAC filter is not a better network security option?
  3. At the end, a technique which will help us to bypass the MAC filter ( Which you can try on your own in your lab)

# This blog is totally a education blog. All the techniques and discussion held here are completely based on lab testing and assessments. I ask blog readers of this blog to use these techniques at their own lab only.

Hello my blog readers! Thanks to you all.

Today in this blog I will be discussing about the "MAC filter for network security" as well as discussing how it is not the better network security option. MAC filter is a technique (old) used for authentication and authorization of host devices in network. Today's hacker and security invaders are so powerful that our MAC filter will be bypassed within 10 minutes ( # time is average and by the use of some specialized software we can reduce this time also.). MAC filter over wired network is still taken as a good option for network security. But here above the term 'network' I mentioned are for wireless network (this will be followed throughout this post so wherever I mention network you must take it as wireless network, otherwise I will mention if I am talking about wired network.)

The basic idea of MAC filter is authenticating users/client on the basis of the MAC address of device trying to access the network. In this technique, access points of network are fed with the list of MAC address that can access the network and whenever any device tries to access the network through access point, the access point searches the MAC address of the device trying to access the network (i.e. wireless receiver device) and if the MAC address exists in the list then it will allow the device to access the network.

It seems very secured, isn't it? But, guys when you look through the view point of a network manager or hacker or networking student than you will find it to be a very loose and weak network security, and can be bypassed easily. But, how is this possible?????

Below is the link of the Facebook page where you will find very interesting tips, tricks and news regarding technology, computer, network... almost everything that is related to computing.

STEPS TO BYPASS THE MAC FILTER

a) Lets setup as access point first:
In this step you have to setup your Access point.
  1. Enable MAC filter in your Access Point

    1. mac filter disabled
      MAC filter is disabled here
  2. Add at least one MAC address in allow list of MAC address in access point (can be of your Laptop or any wireless receiver or a demo MAC address) (The more MAC address it will be more easy to bypass)
  3. MAC filter enabled and one MAC address is fed.
  4. Enable wireless signal of Access point if not enabled
  5. Wireless enabled
(Only allowed MAC address will be able to access the network. If any other devices try to access the network it will fail to connect. When you try to trace the network packets using WireShark or any network packet tracing software you will see the authentication failure message from access point. [Refer this post to learn using WireShark: http://loverofcode.blogspot.com/2013/02/backtrack-5-bypassing-hidden-ssid.html ] Try it with the allowed MAC address device and other device.)

b) Cheating the Access Point
    (Issue the following commands in terminal: You can use [Ctrl] + [c] to copy bold commands and paste in terminal using [Ctrl] + [Shift] + [v] )
  1. ifconfig wlan0 up
  2. airmon-ng start wlan0 (creates mon0 for monitor mode interface)
  3. mon0 created
  4. iwconfig (verify if mon0 is created or not: if mon0 exists it is created)
  5. mon0 exists there so its successfully created
    1. airodump-ng mon0 (shows all the access points available)
    2. All access points are displayed and our created access point is underlined
      (Open new terminal) 

    3. airodump-ng -c 1 -a --bssid 28:10:7B:33:C9:DF mon0 (syntax: airodump-ng -c <CH (Channel)> -a --bssid <BSSID> mon0 :monitors the BSSID which is of interest to us)
    4. (If any client is connected to the access point than its MAC address is shown over there) 
      Only our specific access point is shown (note the MAC address highlighted)
      (You can close the previous/first terminal) 
      (Open new terminal) 

    5. ifconfig wlan0 down
    6. macchanger -m 50:F5:20:C0:6E:8D wlan0 (this changes the MAC address of your device to whitelisted/allowed MAC address)
    7. ifconfig wlan0 up
    Now, connect to the network. You have bypassed the MAC filter successfully.
    Related topics: Bypass Hidden SSID
                            Crack WEP password
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    Monday, November 18, 2013

    Blank Screen or Black Screen after 'Startx' in Backtrack

    Hello readers! Today I am posting this post because I have faced this problem recently while using BackTrack Linux. I made a bootable linux usb and booted using it. Everything went okay until I wrote the command "Startx" for entering GUI of BackTrack R3; my screen went blank/black. Not any GUI items were displayed, neither mouse pointer; any keys of keyboard was not functioning. I than directly turned off my laptop pressing power button for few seconds. I solved the problem. (this problem can be solved by using this post)
    I installed the BackTrack and loaded my BackTrack. But the problem arised again.

    I than booted my laptop using "Ubuntu" and started to search it's solution too and I eventually found the solution to it.

    SOLUTION:

    Before entering command 'Startx'
    1. Enter the command: sudo nano /etc/default/grub (this opens the grub setting file)
    2. Go to line: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text splash vga=791"
    3. Add the text: i915.modeset=1 after vga=791 i.e. that line must look like this: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text splash vga=791 i915.modeset=1"
    4. Press [Ctrl] + [x]
    5. Press [y] (this saves the grub setting file)
    6. Enter the command: sudo update-grub
    7. Than, reboot the system by pressing command: sudo reboot
    Now, your problem is solved.
    Thank you!
    Please share, like and tweet this post.

    Blank Screen or Black Screen after 'Startx' in Backtrack: LIVE CD / USB boot

    Hello readers! Today I am posting this post because I have faced this problem recently while using BackTrack Linux. I made a bootable linux usb and booted using it. Everything went okay until I wrote the command "Startx" for entering GUI of BackTrack R3; my screen went blank/black. Not any GUI items were displayed, neither mouse pointer; any keys of keyboard was not functioning. I than directly turned off my laptop pressing power button for few seconds.

    I than booted my laptop using "Ubuntu" and started to search the solution and I eventually found the solution to it.

    SOLUTION WHEN BOOTING FROM Live USB or DVD:
    When you select the boot device from Bios pressing specific key in keyboard while starting the computer. You will be given a menu where you can select your options as below:
    You can see that there is written "Press [Tab] to edit options".
    steps:
    1. Press [Tab] when the above screen appears
    2. You will be given the line: .........vga=791--
    3. Change it to: .........vga=791 i915.modeset=1
    4. Press [Enter]
    Now, your problem is solved.

    Tuesday, November 12, 2013

    How to change the automatic boot time in Grub ?

    If you like to use any Linux distribution which installs Grub 2 in your system and you want to make greater or lesser automatic boot time ( The highlighted entry will be booted automatically in 10 seconds. )  than you are in right blog.

    Use this scenario according to your need:

    I installed Ubuntu also side by side(creating new partitions) with Windows OS. When I start laptop my system asks me to select OS to boot and if I don't respond it to 10 seconds than it automatically boots Ubuntu which is my default OS. I want to change the respond time to 15 seconds.
    My Grub Menu

    Solution:

    1. Boot your PC/Laptop/Desktop/Computer and load Ubuntu (or any Linux distribution)
    2. Open Terminal (ctrl + alt + t  => in Ubuntu; if your system is shell or command prompt i.e. not a GUI than got to step 3)
    3. Type commands: sudo gedit /etc/default/grub/
    4. It may ask you to enter your password.
    5. Gedit, notepad like text editior, will open.
    6. Find the line with: GRUB_TIMEOUT=10             (This line holds the response waiting time in seconds.)
    7. Now, change the number 10 to 15 (this is in seconds)
    8. Save it and close
    9. Again, type command: sudo update-grub
    10. Now, reboot your system, you get 15 seconds as response waiting time.
    Thank You! For reading this post.
    If any doubts, you are free to ask in comments.

    Similar Post: 

    How to make Windows OS (or any OS) as default OS in GRUB 2 ?


    Like Share Comment:

    How to make Windows OS (or any OS) as default OS in GRUB 2 ?

    After a long pause, I am back with a useful post for you. If you like to use any Linux distribution which installs Grub 2 in your system and you want to make Windows or any other OS as default in Grub so that if you don't press any key in Grub your PC will get selected OS loaded than you are in right blog. Not only Linux distribution installs Grub; you can manually install grub in your system.

    Use this scenario according to your need:

    I have pre-installed Windows OS in my laptop ( laptop version is not important). Now, I installed Ubuntu also side by side(creating new partitions). But, I rarely use Ubuntu and the problem is when I start laptop my system asks me to select OS to boot and if don't respond it automatically boots Ubuntu which is in the top of my menu. I want to Windows OS to be loaded instead of Ubuntu when I don't respond (select the OS) i.e. change my default OS to Windows OS from Ubuntu.
    My GRUB Menu; windows OS is in 5th position here

    Solution:

    (Before starting the solution please note: How many option are provided in the Grub menu (OS selection menu) when you are booting? The number of line in which your desired OS lies.)
    1. Boot your PC/Laptop/Desktop/Computer and load Ubuntu (or any Linux distribution)
    2. Open Terminal (ctrl + alt + t  => in Ubuntu; if your system is shell or command prompt i.e. not a GUI than got to step 3)
    3. Type commands: sudo gedit /etc/default/grub/
    4. It may ask you to enter your password.
    5. Gedit, notepad like text editior, will open.
    6. Find the line with: GRUB_DEFAULT=0             (This line holds the information of which OS to be loaded as default)
    7. Now, change the number 0 to the number (in my case its 4 for my Windows OS) (get the line number of your desired OS and subtract 1 in it) : Suppose your OS list in Grub as a List and its initial value position will start from 0 i.e. the OS on the top of menu has position value 0 so it loads as default OS previously)
    8. Save it and close
    9. Again, type command: sudo update-grub
    10. Now, reboot your system, you get desired OS loaded as default.
    Thank You! For reading this post.
    If any doubts, you are free to ask in comments.

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    Friday, March 29, 2013

    What are new in iPhone 6?



    iPhone 6 predictions and wishes from the Market:

    On 21 September 2012, Apple unveiled the iPhone 5, the market reaction was not as expected. However, it was able to sell five million of its new iPhone® 5, just three days after its launch and after a week it over-took the Samsung Galaxy S III Smartphone. The crazy market of IPhone is immediately expecting new iPhone version maybe this reason for Apple to launch iPhone 6 soon as Samsung, Nokia and HTC has released Galaxy S IV, Nokia 920 and HTC One respectively, with better look and performance to challenge market of iPhone.

    iPhone 6 Prediction look (Source: Google image)
    iPhone 6 Prediction look (Source: Google image)


    Some predictions regarding iPhone 6 in market:

    1. Apple's working on plastic cases for iPhone 6, mixing plastic and metal in such a way that "the internal metal parts [are] able to be seen from outside through special design.
    2. It'll have a better battery
    3. Running iOS 7 to utilize more processor cores and is expected that Apple will unveil the next major revision of iOS at its WWDC conference in June.
    4. Available with 128 GB storage
    5. Giant Retina+ IGZO 4.8-inch display for ultra-high screen resolutions and optimised high energy efficiency
    6. New form factor with no home button
    7. Gesture control
    8. Quad-core A7 processor (expected to see in iPad first)
    9. 13-megapixel camera with no compromising image quality
    10. Eye-tracking
    11. Sonar sensor instead of infrared sensor to detect location of phone
    12. Better 4G LTE
    13. Ultra-fast 802.11ac Wi-Fi
    14. Wireless charging
    15. Expected to unveil in mid-2013 or most probable 2014
    iPhone 6 sketch
    iPhone 6 Sketch (image source: Google image)

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    Wednesday, March 27, 2013

    What is new in Samsung Galaxy S4?




    Do you know that the Samsung Galaxy S4 Smartphone went on sale this month?

    The major change between SIII and S4 is charging. S4 has used Qi (pronounced chee) based charging, which is being popular in today's wireless world. But, Samsung has said that Qi is not its future, instead WiPower, based on magnetic resonance charging and offers a larger charging field is the target.




    Some specification of Samsung Galaxy S4 are:

    -->1.9 GHz quad-core processor or a 1.6 GHz octa-core processor
    -->2GB of DDR3 memory 
    -->OS: 4.2.2 Jelly Bean
    -->global LTE roaming
    -->13-megapixel front- camera and 2-megapixel rear-facing camera that can be used simultaneously(This will allow a person to make a video call while simultaneously showing people on the other end of the line what they're looking at. Two photos can be taken simultaneously.)
    -->5 in display (Super AMOLED display with 441 pixels per inch)
    -->130 grams
    -->7.9 mm thick (slightly slimmer than SIII)
    -->storage options of 16GB, 32GB and 64GB + MicroSD card slot (supports 64 GB)
    -->Supports HSPA+42 Mbps and 4G LTE
    -->max download speed supported is 100 Mbps and upload speed is 50 Mbps
    -->Color: black or white
    -->an infrared gesture sensor and a sensor for temperature and humidity (these are not available in SIII)
    -->Can be used as TV remote
    -->2,600 mAh removable battery

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    Saturday, March 23, 2013

    Top 15 ways to increase your battery backup

    1. Use system utilities so that your system becomes faster with low power consumption: de-fragment tool, system check tool, registry cleaner, etc.
    2. Use your screen with dim brightness (doesn't mean use dim that you can't see clearly)
    3. Don't use heavy desktop backgrounds
    4. Use "msconfig" to disable unnecessary program that run in window's background
    5. Use task manager to kill processes that are not necessary
    6. Don't schedule tasks that is not necessary for start-up
    7. Turn off WiFi or Bluetooth or any USB devices when no in use
    8. Update your graphics driver to latest so that it consumes less power
    9. Add more RAM if your desktop use virtual memory often (data travelling in BUS consumes power more)
    10. Don't use CD/DVD drive more (better copy files in USB or HDD for reusing it)
    11. Give preference to Hibernate then the sleep or standby mode
    12. Don't use system longer because it heats more and more power is consumed
    13. Use single task if possible
    14. Use optimus graphics (gets power when in use only other time it is in standby mode)
    15. Use power saver mode when possible


    Thank you!

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    Wednesday, March 6, 2013

    How to change MAC address in Window 8 or Window 7?

    Hello guys! as one of the viewer of our Facebook page requested to post a way to change the MAC address in windows 7, I am here with the simplest way of it. Without using cmd i.e. using GUI. (#Note: this method works in Windows 8 too)
    Follow below steps to change your MAC address.

    1. Go to 'networks and sharing' in 'control panel'.
    2. Click 'adapter setting' on left of the window (now you must be able to see your network adapter's list)
    3. Right click the network adapter that you want to change the MAC address.
    4. Click 'properties'
    5. Click 'Configure...' in networking tab
    6. Go to 'Advanced' tab
    7. In 'property' list box you can see 'Network Address', click on it
    8. Change select to radio button 'Value'
    9. Keep Network address as you want in the box.
    10. To check if the MAC address is changed of not: go to cmd and enter 'ipconfig/all'. check the corresponding network adapter's physical address.

    Note: Both Network address and Physical address are MAC address of your PC.


    You may be interested to read about Saving files before installing new windows
                                                            Top 5 web browsers

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    Thursday, February 21, 2013

    Top 10 Technological news of the week

    Hello everybody! Warm greeting to you all. Today, on this post I will mention Top 10 technological news of this week.


    1. iPhone 5 beats Samsung Galaxy S3 as top seller: For the final quarter of 2012, Apple shipped 27.4 million iPhone 5 units globally, winning a market share of 12.6 percent. In contrast, Samsung shipped 15.4 million Galaxy S3 phones for a 7.1 percent slice of the market.
    Image source: http://www.samsung.com/global/galaxys3/specifications.html
    Image source: http://www.apple.com/iphone/features/
    Refer: http://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-57570235-37/iphone-5-beats-galaxy-s3-as-top-seller-says-report/ for more information.

    2. Verizon Wireless confirms Samsung Galaxy Nexus
    Refer: http://www.engadget.com/2011/10/21/verizon-finally-confirms-it-will-have-the-galaxy-nexus/

    3. Sony's launched Sony PlayStation 4 as its next-generation game console on Wednesday
    Refer: http://news.cnet.com/

    4. Apple has released a software update after the company admitted a security flaw had left its own employees' computers exposed to hackers
    Refer: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-21519856

    5. HTC has unveiled its new flagship smartphone, the revamped HTC One
    refer: HTC

    6. Microsoft, EMC, NetApp join Oracle's legal fight against Google on Java
    Refer: http://www.infoworld.com/t/intellectual-property/microsoft-emc-netapp-join-oracles-legal-fight-against-google-java-213140

    7. Cisco predicts $14.4 trillion value for 'Internet of everything'
    Refer: Cisco

    8. Google price reached $266 billion on Tuesday which turns Google into world's most valuable company.

    Refer: news.cnet.com

    9. Now, Evasi0n jailbreak tool supports iOS 6.1.2
    Refer: http://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-57570244-37/evasi0n-jailbreak-tool-supports-ios-6.1.2/

    10. Biometric USB password key is available. It is a voice-activated, fingerprint secure Bluetooth / USB Drive that displays passwords and personal info online and on the go.
    Refer: http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-57570378-1/biometric-usb-password-key-worthy-of-mission-impossible/
    Image Source: http://www.ankaka.com
    Image source: news.cnet.com

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    Tuesday, February 19, 2013

    BackTrack 5: Bypassing Hidden SSID

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    Features of this post:
    Related Post: crack wep password
                         bypass MAC filter
    1. Teaches you to use Wireshark
    2. Teaches you about the Hidden SSID
    3. Teaches you to bypass Hidden SSID

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    Hello everybody! As mentioned earlier, today I have a stuff about Wireless Hacking. As you already know to hack or crack the WEP passwords of a visible network ( means when SSID is visible). I have mentioned the method to do so using BackTrack5 in my blog: http://loverofcode.blogspot.com/2013/02/specialized-linux-version-backtrack.html whose link I have posted while I posted the facts about BackTrack5 in earlier post in facebook. Sometime to increase the security (which is actually a false concept. I have explained about in earlier post on Feb 10 where I have mentioned process of finding your MAC addresses too. Or you can visit my blog: http://loverofcode.blogspot.com/2013/02/does-hidden-ssid-give-aid-to-network.html for that post) some people or organization use Hidden SSID or Hidden Network Name in their wireless network. Today's post is focused on the bypassing the Hidden SSID. Hope you will enjoy it!

    #Click on images to view larger images or right click image and select open in new tab)

    No Hidden SSID
    Hidden SSID

    Requirements:
    1. Backtrack5 live-CD or Live USB
    2. Wireless Receiver
    3. Its better to go to a place where we get better signal of the wireless network that we are bypassing

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    Steps:
    a. Boot from live-cd or Live USB (prefer not to use Virtual Box)
    b. At first, I will be teaching you to set your Wi-Fi network card or device into monitor mode which you will require later.
    1. Open terminal and enter 'iwconfig'. This will show your cards that are properly detected.
    You must have a card name 'Wlan0' otherwise your card is not detected by system.
    2. Enter 'ifconfig wlan0 up' to bring the card up.
    3. Verify step 2 using command 'ifconfig wlan0', you must see 2nd line starting with word UP.
    4. Enter 'airmon-ng' to show detected wireless cards. You must see wlan0.
    5. Enter 'airmon-ng start wlan0' to create monitor mode interface of wlan0.
    6. Verify step 5 by using command 'airmon-ng' where you will see now 'mon0' just below wlan0.

    Now your card is in monitor mode.

    c. Enter 'wireshark' in terminal and WireShark will run.
    (WireShark is used for various purposes but here we are using it for capturing the packets from mon0.)

    d. click on Capture and then Interfaces in menu bar (Now, you will see a WireShark: Capture Interfaces)

    e. Click 'Start' corresponding to mon0 (ignore others. WireShark will start capturing the packets.)

    f. Look at info column in the table. You can resize it and make it bigger. Here you will find the SSID= bla bla bla. SSID will be shown in text is SSID is not hidden and in the case of hidden SSID is shown as "\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000".

    g. For bypassing it there are two simple ways. You may find many others too. they are: 1) Waiting the legitimate client to connect the access point which will generate Probe request which will make SSID visible. 2) Sending Deauthentication packets to all stations on behalf of the Wireless Network. This will disconnect all clients and reconnect again to network. 
    We will be following no 2 because its faster.

    h. Open terminal and enter " aireplay-ng -0 5 -a <source> mon0
    Here, source is the Source from Source column which is a MAC address of access point. Enter other as it is.
    This will send deauthentication packets to all clients.
    Sending Deauthentication package
    While sending Deauthentication package this is the effect you see in WireShark

    i. When legitimate client connects back you will see Hidden SSID using probe request. To see those requests and SSID you need to add a filter in WireShark. In filter box enter '(wlan.bssid == <Source>) && !(wlan.fc.type_subtype == 0x08)'.
    Enter source from Source column and other as it is. This will monitor the probe requests and give you with SSID of Hidden network.
    BSSID found

    You can view all types of Hidden SSID with this process. No matter whether it has WEP or WPA 1 or WPA 2 key.

    Interesting Topics for you: 
    Learn to Bypass MAC filter
    Saving files before installing new windows
    Top 5 web browsers

    Hope you got it. If any doubts, feel free to post comment, I will make it clear.

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    Friday, February 15, 2013

    How can I get a best Graphics Card for my PC?

    Hello Everyone! Today on this blog I will letting you know some tips on choosing a Graphics card for your PC. The first thing you must consider are:
    1. Purpose of Graphics Card (Gaming, 3D Graphics Design, use multiple video outputs, Graphics Design, Workstation Graphics, Server Graphics, Playing HD and High Quality Videos, editing videos etc.)
    Consider the minimum video requirements of your Game ...or Program while buying the Graphics Card because it may reduce your budget.

    2. Your PC: Determine the expansion slot type you need to insert Graphics Card. Most of new graphics cards are AGP, although some lower-end PCI cards are still available in the market.
    3. Your budget: How much you can pay for affording a Graphics card? Certainly, the more you pay you get better one.

    Considering these three things you will be able to short out the Graphics Cards that fall under your system, requirement and budget.
    If you have less budget but have system that can afford powerful Graphics then also you must eliminate very high Graphics card because your budget can't afford them.
    Eliminate very powerful graphics card choice, if you have little old PC because your CPU can limit the graphics card i.e. your system may not support Graphics Card. 

    After getting lists of Graphics card that you can afford and require, how to choose best among them?
    1. Eliminate the choices of graphics cards that share computer RAM with your system, choose cards that have their own dedicated video memory: latest models have up to 3GB dedicated video memory in them.
    2. GPU is the major part of Graphics card choose higher GPU. Since, the model of the card is linked to the GPU. Choose the latest model number or highest model number.
    3. Choose the greater type: DDR2, DDR3, DDR4, DDR5 or DDR6: Choose the higher digit i.e. DDR6 is best till now then DDR5 because DDR7 isn't in market.
    4. Choose the Graphics card that supports DirectX 11 and OpenGL 4.1 or latest because it will give better performance.
    5. If you need multiple output, choose graphics card that support multiple outputs e.g. AMD Radeon HD 6450 supports 3 simultaneous displays, AMD Radeon™ HD 7970 GHz Edition supports 6 simultaneous displays
    6. Choose higher engine clock speed. The more frequency, its more powerful. Generally clock speed is in MHZ. Latest are in GHz also. It's more better if your graphics card has boost clock.
    7. If you are working in bigger screen and needs more powerful Graphics Card then choose Graphics Card with more GPU. Latest cards have up to 4 GPU.

    the most powerful graphics card from AMD till today for desktop is : AMD Radeon™ HD 7970 GHz Edition
    And from GeForce is: GeForce GTX 650 Ti

    Furthermore, I want to give you some good information about Graphics Cards available in your market. First, let's begin with the ranking of Graphics cards according to affordability and performance together:

    1. GeForce
    2. AMD
    Other graphics cards are also available in the market but these two are popular and give better performance then others. And other major feature is you can trust them for your graphics cards.
    Some editions of these Graphics Cards are below:

    From GeForce:
    For Desktops:
    1. GeForce 650 Ti
    2. GeForce GTX 690
    3. GeForce GTX 680
    4. GeForce GTX 670
    5. GeForce GTX 660 Ti

    For Laptops:
    6. GeForce GTX 680MX
    7. GeForce GTX 680M
    8. GeForce GTX 675MX

    From AMD:
    1. AMD FirePro™ W9000
    2. AMD Radeon™ HD 7970
    3. AMD Radeon™ HD 7870
    4. AMD Radeon™ HD 6990

    Read More, Compare more, See more. Then buy as per your need and as per your affordability. Sometimes, as per your need, you may find AMD's are more better than GeForce. 

    Choose, Compare, and select best for your PC.

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    Sunday, February 10, 2013

    Does Hidden SSID give aid to network security?

    Hello guys! You might think that your network security is high when you hide your SSID of wireless network.  Hidden SSID is a configuration of our wireless network where the access point does not broadcast its SSID. User of that hidden network must know the SSID of it to access over the network. But, there are some ways so that you can bypass the hidden SSID to connect to a network. That means your thought is wrong. A network Hacker or a person with general network security knowledge can do it easily. But normal user cannot do it. In one way you can tell that keeping Hidden SSID is little more secure than visible SSID. Update your knowledge on Network Security so that your network will be more secured. Keep MAC address filter, network authentication as WPA key to make your network more secure.

    Below are simple ways to view your MAC address in different devices.

    I. Windows OS
    1.       Press [Win] key + [r]
    2.       Type ‘cmd’ and press enter/ or click Ok. ‘cmd’ is without commas.
    You will get command prompt window.
    3.       Type ‘ipconfig /all’ and press enter
    4.       The Physical Address under the section labeled Ethernet Adapter Wireless or Wireless LAN Adapter Wi-Fi is the MAC address of your wireless device. You can ensure, either you took correct MAC address or not, by viewing the description of wireless adapter under the same section. It is above Physical address.

    II. Apple iOS 5.1 (iPad & iPhone)
    1.       Select Settings
    2.       Select General
    3.       Select About
    4.       You will find Wi-Fi MAC Address there. 

    III. Apple Mac OS X
    1.       Click on Apple Icon
    2.       Select System Preferences
    3.       Select Network
    4.       Select AirPort
    5.       The Air Port ID is Wi-Fi MAC address (In some version of MAC OS you need to click ‘Advanced’ after clicking AirPort to get MAC address. In some version it will say Wi-Fi MAC address or MAC address.)

    IV. Linux and Some UNIX
    1.       Open a terminal as Super User
    2.       Type ifconfig –a
    3.       Locate the Wi-Fi Ethernet adapter in the output
    4.       The Wi-Fi MAC address is next to HWaddr.

    V. Android OS
    1.       Go to Settings
    2.       Click About Device
    3.       Click Status
    4.       There is your Wi-Fi MAC address

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